{"id":7190,"date":"2021-07-28T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/merac.es\/?p=7190"},"modified":"2021-07-28T10:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-07-28T08:00:00","slug":"derecho-separacion-socios-no-reparto-dividendos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/derecho-separacion-socios-no-reparto-dividendos\/","title":{"rendered":"The shareholder's right of withdrawal in the event of non-distribution of dividends"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Law 25\/2011, of 1 August 2011, on the reform of the Capital Companies Act and the transposition of Directive 2007\/36\/EEC introduced a new <strong>right<\/strong> hitherto not provided for in the law, which <strong>gives shareholders the possibility to withdraw from the company when dividends are not paid out.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In particular, this right is enshrined in the <strong>article 348 bis of the Capital Companies Act<\/strong>which states in its first paragraph: \"....<em>Without prejudice to the provisions of the eleventh additional provision, unless the Articles of Association provide otherwise, after the end of the fifth financial year following registration of the company in the Commercial Register, <strong>a shareholder who has lodged a protest in the minutes against the insufficiency of the recognised dividends shall have the right to withdraw if the general meeting does not resolve to distribute as a dividend at least twenty-five per cent of the legally distributable profits made during the previous financial year, provided that profits have been made during the previous three financial years.<\/strong> However, even if the above circumstance occurs, the right of separation shall not arise if the total of the dividends distributed during the last five years equals at least twenty-five percent of the legally distributable profits recorded in that period.<\/em>\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, despite its introduction in 2011, this new right has been the subject of continuous doctrinal and jurisprudential debates, and its application has been suspended for several periods.<br>This right is now back in force, however, it is important to take into consideration certain requirements and aspects when applying this right:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-transcurso-de-cinco-a-os-desde-la-inscripci-n-de-la-sociedad-en-el-registro-mercantil\">1. Five years after registration of the company in the Commercial Register<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>right of separation<\/strong> the shareholder has in the event of a non-dividend distribution <strong>does not arise until five years after the company has been registered in the Commercial Register.<\/strong>so it will not be <strong>up to the sixth year<\/strong> from registration when it can be exercised and provided that the other conditions set out below are met.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-porcentaje-requerido-para-el-ejercicio-del-derecho\">2. Percentage required for the exercise of the right<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In order for the right to be exercised, it is necessary for the <strong>The General Meeting of the company has resolved to approve a dividend distribution amounting to less than 25% of the profits made during the previous financial year.<\/strong> and are legally distributable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For this purpose, legally distributable profits shall be understood to be those profits resulting from the offsetting of prior years' losses and the allocation of the corresponding legal and statutory reserves, as well as taxes payable.<br>However, it is important to take into consideration that the right of separation <strong>may not be exercised if in the preceding five years the total amount of dividends distributed has been<\/strong> over the years has been <strong>equal to or greater than 25% of the legally distributable profits during that period.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-obtenci-n-de-beneficios-en-los-tres-ejercicios-anteriores\">3. Profits in the previous three financial years<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Another essential requirement for the application of this right is that the company must have made a profit in the previous three financial years, otherwise, even if the other conditions are met, this right cannot be exercised by the shareholders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-manifestaci-n-por-parte-del-socio-ejercitante-del-derecho-de-su-protesta-en-junta\">4. Manifestation by the exercising shareholder of his right to protest at the General Meeting.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In order for the right to be exercised, it is essential that the shareholder exercising the right has stated in the minutes his protest against the insufficiency of the dividends to be distributed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this respect, the <strong>Supreme Court Ruling 663\/2020, 10 December 2020<\/strong> in which it states that: \"p<em>The literal wording of the precept, <strong>it is not so much a question of voting in favour of distributing the dividends. <\/strong>(a possibility that may not be on the agenda as such),<\/em><strong><em> and to vote against the appropriation of the result for purposes other than the distribution of dividends.<\/em>\".<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the High Court understands that the fact that the shareholder expresses his wish for dividends to be distributed legitimises the exercise of the right of separation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-reparto-de-beneficios-obtenidos-durante-el-ejercicio-anterior\">5. Distribution of profits earned during the previous financial year<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A <strong>The recent Supreme Court ruling of 25 February 2021 has ruled on the benefits to be taken into consideration for the application of the precept. <\/strong>in the event that, in addition to the annual accounts of the previous financial year, the annual accounts of other previous years are approved at the General Meeting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this respect, the Supreme Court, based on a joint interpretation of the provisions of the Capital Companies Act and the General Accounting Plan governing the preparation and approval of the annual accounts of capital companies, considers that the accounts are legally conceived as an annual document (or set of documents) and that they must be audited (approved or rejected) on an annual basis. It also points out that it is an anomaly that the accounts for several financial years are grouped together for examination and censure, even though they may be approved in this way and this does not per se constitute grounds for challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It therefore concludes that <strong>the concept of \"previous financial year\" in Article 348 bis of the Capital Companies Act refers exclusively to the financial year immediately preceding the resolution not to distribute dividends<\/strong> and that, therefore, <strong>The right of separation for non-distribution of dividends may only be exercised in relation to the approval of the accounts for the financial year preceding the meeting at which the non-distribution is resolved, without prejudice to the submission for approval at the same meeting of the accounts for several financial years.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-6-plazo-para-el-ejercicio-del-derecho\">6. Time limit for the exercise of the right<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The time limit for the partner who has objected to exercise his right of withdrawal is one year. <strong>(1) month from the date on which the Annual General Meeting was held.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-7-excepciones-a-la-aplicaci-n-del-derecho\">7. Exceptions to the application of the law<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The law establishes a series of specific cases in which this provision does not apply, among others, in the case of listed companies or companies that are in insolvency proceedings.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Notwithstanding the above, the <strong>non-distribution of dividends may be due to operational or business reasons that determine the inappropriateness of the dividend distribution.<\/strong>. Therefore, in order to <strong>avoid this possibility, which would oblige the company to enforce the partner's right of withdrawal, with the consequent financial and property damage. <\/strong>This may affect both the other shareholders and the company itself, <strong>it is important to assess the possibility of including in the Articles of Association the non-application of the shareholder's right of withdrawal due to non-distribution of dividends.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La Ley de Sociedades de Capital contempla un derecho a favor de los socios consistente en la posibilidad de separarse de la sociedad en caso de que no se repartan dividendos, siempre que se cumplan una serie de requisitos.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":7193,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,38,24,30,14,39],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>El derecho de separaci\u00f3n del socio en caso de no reparto de dividendos | MERAC Legal &amp; 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Ha participado en operaciones de M&A e Inmobiliarias en sectores de todo tipo, habiendo sido reconocida por su labor de abogada en el \u00e1rea de Derecho Mercantil y Fusiones y Adquisiciones por \u201cBest Lawyers International\u201d, siendo en 2020 galardonada con el premio a mejor abogada en dicha \u00e1rea, y nominada en los a\u00f1os 2021, 2022, 2023 y 2024. Formaci\u00f3n acad\u00e9mica: licenciada en Derecho y Administraci\u00f3n y Direcci\u00f3n de Empresas. Master Executive Derecho Empresarial. Experiencia destacada: Est\u00e1 especializada en Derecho Mercantil-Societario, Fusiones y Adquisiciones (M&A), Inmobiliario, contrataci\u00f3n nacional e internacional y Civil. Ha intervenido activamente en la realizaci\u00f3n de numerosas operaciones de reestructuraci\u00f3n empresarial y acuerdos de inversi\u00f3n, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional (i.e. fusiones, escisiones, segregaciones, cesi\u00f3n de activos). Ha participado, asimismo, en operaciones de primer nivel de adquisici\u00f3n de sociedades y en numerosos procesos de due diligence sobre sociedades de diversos sectores de actividad. De la misma forma, desarrolla su labor profesional tambi\u00e9n en otras \u00e1reas del Derecho con incidencia directa e indirecta en la empresa (Derecho Civil; Inmobiliario; Derecho de la Propiedad Intelectual, Industrial y Marcas; Negociaci\u00f3n extrajudicial; Procesal y Concursal Premios, certificaciones o asociaciones: Galardonada con el precio a la mejor abogada en el \u00e1rea de Derecho Mercantil y Fusiones y Adquisiciones por \u201cBest Lawyers International\u201d, en la edici\u00f3n de 2020 y nominada en esa misma categor\u00eda en los a\u00f1os 2021, 2022, 2023 y 2024.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/"],"url":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/author\/mercedes-nieto\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7190"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7190"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7190\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/merac.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}